Improvement in grain-binders



J. GARRAQRD. Grain-Binders.

Patented Jan. 29,1878.

mam/7M N-PETERS. FHOYO-LITHOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON, D C.

UNITED 1 OFFIGE- min GARRARD, or, CINCINNATI, on o, ASSIGNOR To nxcntson ennnv BINDER COMPANY, (LIMITED,) onnn'wxonmnjv QIMPROVEMENTlNGRAl'N-BINDERS.

" Specification forming part ofLetters Patent No. 199,637,dated'Jaiiuary 29; 1878 application filed 1 ,7

Be it known that I,'JEPTHA GARRARD, of Cincinnati, in the "county of IHamilton and State of Ohio, have invented anew anduseful Improvement inthe Art of Binding Grain with Wire, of which the following is aspecification:

This inventionrelates exclusively to the form of the lock or fasteningby which the ends of the wire band are united, and to means for givingthereto the peculiar characteristic hereinafter setforth; p

The first part of the invention consists in a wire band the ends ofwhich are united by means of interlocked open coils, incontradistinction to a tight twist. The peculiar effects of this form oflock are, first, freedom from liability to break under tension ortorsional strain in the binding operation; second, freedom from placesweakened by short bends and from strained places, which are liable tobreak when the bundle is handled; third, greater freedom from liabilityto rust within the lock more than at other points; and,fourth, reducedstrain at the look when the bundle is handled, owing to the freedom ofthe coils to move independently, and to slide on each other.

The second part of the invention consists in a tapering pin attachedaxially to a twister of peculiar form, so as to project into the sheavesor bundles at the axis of rotation, as means for forming said open lock.The wire for the lock intercoils upon said pin instead of twisting uponitself. The taper of the pin causes it to release the coils readily whenthe bundle is discharged, while said taper is not sufficient to causethe wire to climb on the pin. A tightening ridge or projection is formedon the twister at the base of the pin, and the wire climbs on thisprojection without undue strain, and so as to tighten the looppreliminary to coiling upon the tapering pin. In combination, thetwister and pin form a tight band secured by a short series of opencoils.

The' invention is principally intended and designed for use in bindinggrain, as described in the title, but is considered applicable tobinding other bundles by mechanical means.

Figure 1 is an elevation or plan view of a wire band locked or fastenedaccording to this invention. Fig. 1 represents a section on the To allwhom it may concern:

I lin'ea a, Fig. 2 is a perspective view "of the peculiar twister alcovereferred to, the same being provided with a coil-pin accordingtothislinvention; Fig. 3 represents an elevation of said twister andcoiLpin and a verti'cal sectionof the coverof the twistin g mechanism,with a sheaf or bundle upon said; cover in process of beingbo'un'd, theband being shown'in elevation." Fig: 4 represents "an elevation ofanother coil-twister 'andja vertical section of its cover, illustrating'substitute devices for .making the improved band-lock.

, Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts inthe severalfigures.

The essential peculiarity in the improved look by which I connect theends of the wire band W consists in a series of interlocked open coils,w w, in contradistinction to a close twist. These coils are formed on acoil-pin or mandrel, A, which is made slightly tapering, so that thecoils may readily slip off it in discharging the sheaf or bundle whenthe lock is completed.

In Figs. 2 and 3 a coil-pin, A, is shown applied to a twister, B, of theform described in my Patent No. 182,655, dated September 26, 1876. Thistwister has a pair of curved radial arms, I) b, and a tightening-ridge,b, the latter being formed over the axis of said arms, so as to projectabove or beyond the plane of the outer portion thereof. Said projectionor ridge serves to insure the formation of a tight sheaf or bundle byfilling what would otherwise be a blank triangular space at thetwisting-point, and compelling the twist or coils to be formed beyondthis space in the direction of the center of the bundle. The coil-pin Ais simply aflixed at the axis of this twister at right angles to itsplane of rotation, and projects into the grain as it lies upon the cover0, so as to operate as a mandrel or core within the twist when thelatter is formed by the r0- tation of the twister. I

In Fig. 3 the sheaf or bundle is shown as it appears at the end of thetwisting operation. In combination with the coil-pin, said peculiar formof twister operates to lessen the requisite number of coils, and to formthe coils upon the pins with the least possible strain on the wire.

The peculiar function of the pins A, as be forestated, is to cause thewire to wrap or coil around the same when twisted to secure thetwistingof one end or strand of the wire around Y its own axis wheneither end gets in line with theaxis of the twister, and there is alwaysa great torsional strain on the Wire.

The improved lock is formed with the least possible torsional strain,the wire being wrapped or coiled, and not twisted, properly speaking.The open-coil lock is also superior to the old twist in other respects,while it is made by a simple twister provided with a coilpin, as hereindescribed, without complication of parts.

" The other'elements of a binder provided with the twister B and coilpin A may be of any preferred. character not inconsistent with thenature and objects of the attachment.

The application of said twister and pin to machines adapted to receivethem is all that the present invention contemplates, and this will bereadily understood and accomplished by those skilled in the constructionor manufacture of grain-binders and analogous machinery.

In Fig. 4 a coil-pin, A is shown attached to a twister, B having a flattop, I), and arranged beneath the cover 0 of its mechanism. The coil pinin this case projects upward through an opening in the cover in linewith the axis of the twister, said opening serving also to accommodatethe wire. The arrangement is considered inferior, and is shown simply toillustrate the fact that the open interlocked coils may be formed byother twister's than the peculiar one above described.

Having thus described this my invention, what I claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is H 1, A wire band the two ends of whichare secured together by a series of interlocked open coils,substantiallyas herein set forth,

2. The combination of a twister, B, having a tightening-ridge, I), overthe axis of a'pair of curved radial arms, 'b b, and a tapering coilpin,A, affixed 'to said, twister at its axis of motion, as herein specified,for the purpose set fort h.

J EPTHA GARRA'RD,

Witnesses: i

MJT RNEI; FoRMAN,

I WMKBURNET, Jr.

